مهندسی جغرافیایی سرزمین

مهندسی جغرافیایی سرزمین

تحلیل فضایی تاب آوری اجتماعی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی در برابر مخاطره زلزله (مطالعه موردی : روستاهای شهرستان آوج)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
2 استادیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
3 استاد گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: مخاطرات محیطی از جمله زلزله، درسکونتگاه­های روستایی آسیب­های جبران ناپذیری به همراه دارد. یکی از مهم­ترین آسیب­ها، آسیب­های اجتماعی است. می­توان با تاب آوری اجتماعی در کاهش صدمات و آثار مخرب زلزله گام برداشت.
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل فضایی تاب آوری اجتماعی سکونتگاه­های روستایی در برابر مخاطره زلزله را مورد بررسی قرار داده است.
روش‌شناسی: تحقیق حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و روش انجام آن، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. به منظور گردآوری داده­های مورد نیاز دو روش اسنادی و میدانی (ابزار پرسش­نامه) به کار رفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، روستاهای واقع در شهرستان آوج و واحد تحلیل سرپرستان خانوارهای ساکن در روستاهای این شهرستان است که براساس روش کوکران، تعداد 370 سرپرست به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شده­اند.
قلمرو جغرافیایی: قلمرو جغرافیایی پژوهش، سکونتگاه­های روستایی شهرستان آوج می­باشد.
یافته‌ها: پس از مطالعات اسنادی، به کمک روستاییان و مدیران روستایی 7 شاخص اجتماعی کلی و 20 شاخص جزیی در محدوده مورد مطالعه شناسایی و به کمک شاخص­ها نمرات تاب آوری محاسبه شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می­دهد گویه وحدت و انسجام جامعه محلی با میانگین 76/3 و گویه برنامه­های آموزشی مقابله با وقوع حوادث با میانگین 11/2 به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین تاثیر را برتاب آوری اجتماعی روستاهای مورد مطالعه داشته­اند. روستاهای حسین­آباد، شهرباز و عبداله مسعود سفلی (0149/0) در بهترین و روستاهای میلاق، اک، یمق (0029/0) در پایین­ترین سطح  تاب آوری اجتماعی قرارگرفته­اند. همچنین نتایج حاصل از مدل کوپراس نشان داد 40 روستا در وضعیت مطلوب، 24 روستا در وضعیت متوسط و 38 روستا در وضعیت نامطلوب قرار دارد.
نتیجه‌گیری: بنابراین با توجه به وجود پتاسیل­های مطلوب اجتماعی در روستاهای آوج، افزایش تاب آوری اجتماعی می­تواند با ارتقای سطح زندگی مانند آموزش و تحصیلات، افزایش امکانات بهداشت و سلامت و بهبود آن، وجود سکونتگاه­های ایمن، حفظ هنجارها در منطقه مورد مطالعه محقق گردد و رشد و توسعه سکونتگاه­های روستایی آوج در میان تهدیدات ناشی از مخاطرات محیطی به صورت پیوسته و پایدار ادامه می­یابد و بلایای بعدی نمی­تواند زندگی مردم را مختل سازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Spatial Analysis of Social Resilience of Rural Settlements against Earthquake Risk(Case study: villages of Avaj city)

نویسندگان English

Mona Fakhrghazi 1
Eisa Pourramzan 2
Nasrollah Molaei Hashtjin 3
1 PhD in Geography and Rural Planning, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Geography, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
چکیده English

Environmental hazards, such as earthquakes, cause irreparable damages in rural areas. One of the most important damages is social ones. Social resilience can be used to reduce the damage and destructive effects of earthquakes. The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose, application and method. In order to collect the required data, two documentary and field methods (questionnaire instrument) have been used. The statistical population of the study is the villages located in Avaj city and the unit of analysis is the heads of households living in the villages. According to the Cochran method, 370 heads have been randomly selected. With the help of villagers and rural managers, after documentary studies, 7 general social indicators and 20 partial indicators in the study area were identified and resilience scores were calculated using the indicators. The results of the study show that the items of unity and cohesion of the local community with an average of 3.76 and the item of educational programs to deal with the occurrence of accidents with an average of 2.11 had the highest and lowest impact on the social resilience of the studied villages, respectively. The villages of Hossein Abad, Shahrbaz and Abdullah Massoud Sofla (0.0149) are in the best and the villages of Milaq, Ek, Yamaq (0.0029) are in the worst level of social resilience. Furthermore, the results of Copras model indicated that 40 villages are in good condition, 24 villages are in medium condition and 38 villages are in unfavorable condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Social resilience
Earthquake
Rural settlements
Avaj city
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دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 12
تابستان 1401
صفحه 309-325

  • تاریخ دریافت 13 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش 04 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 تیر 1401