نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری اقلیم شناسی، گروه جغرافیا، واحدرشت، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، رشت، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
3 استاد، گروه جغرافیا، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction: Today, the phenomenon of drought as a national and transnational issue is important and is of interest to scientists and politicians.
Objectives: The purpose of this article is to investigate the phenomenon of drought. To the this end, we used daily temperature and precipitation data related to three synoptic stations of Rasht, Anzali and Masuleh, four Evapotranspiration Monitoring Station of Rasht, Kasma, Chobar and Qalehroudkhan and nine hydrometric stations of precipitation and runoff parameters in a 30-year period. 1988-2018).
Methodology: : In this research to the method of data analysis and the change of climatic elements process and drought monitoring were carried out using Mann-Kendall, SPI and RDI methods using SPSS, EXCELL and DIP software.
Geographical Context: The area studied in this research is the Anzali Lagoon Basin in Gilan Province. As the first global wetland, this area is important from different aspects.
Results and Discussion: : The results of the research showed that, although having no noticeable changes in the precipitation parameter, Rasht station generally shows a negative and downward trends. On the other hand, by 2050, the forecast indicates a decrease in precipitation and temperature by 48 Millimeters and 0.79 degrees Celsius. On the other hand, contrary to Rasht station, the results of Anzali station show short-term successive and irregular upsurges. Furthermore, the average annual and monthly rain in this period increases by 0.1% per year to 63 mm, and the annual average temperature also indicates an increase of 1.43 degrees Celsius more than the observed average. The RDI is more relevant method because it shows the actual climatic conditions of the region better regarding the temperature and potential evaporation and transpiration.
Conclusion: : The severity of damages and the increasing trend of slow changes are crucial and requires more effective and fundamental measures to be taken. In particular, considering the importance of climate change in recent years in national assemblies and Internationally, determining the vulnerability of the Anzali Lagoon. Therefore, appropriate management initiatives ought to be implemented to adapt to climate change.
کلیدواژهها [English]